capsa Latin · revision 4734

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la capiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkap.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkap.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''capsa''' ''f'' (genitive capsae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[der|itc-pro|*kap-s-o-|t=container]], from the root of [[capiō]] “to take”, or built directly on an s-present of that root.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The Oxford Latin Dictionary also compares [[sq|kapase]].^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short, Georges and the Thesaurus derive it from ''capiō'' as well.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero uses it of a case for books.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was a cylindrical case for book rolls, in Cicero and Horace, who tells of a poet burnt on a pyre of his own cases and books.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny and Martial use it of a box for fruit.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was a reliquary, a pyx for the host and the frame of a window.^(Niermeyer 1976) British writers used it of a chest or casket, a case for the corporal, a reliquary, an organ case and a scabbard.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[it|cassa]] and [[pt|caixa]].^(Wiktionary) Through Old North French ''casse'' it gave English ''case'' “box”, and through Italian or Provençal and French ''caisse'' English ''cash''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a book case.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of book cases.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''case'' “box” is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1590s – English ''cash'' is recorded, first as “money box”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A cylindrical case for book rolls; a [[m|en|box]], [[m|en|case]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A box for fruit.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|reliquary]]; a [[m|en|pyx]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A chest, casket; a scabbard; an organ case.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[capsārius]]

+ * [[capsella]]

+ * [[capsula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[capiō]]

+ * [[en|case]]

+ * [[en|cash]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Capsa'' was also the name of a town in North Africa, today Gafsa, which Marius plundered in the war against Jugurtha.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}