lassus Latin · revision 4726

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *leh₁d-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɫas.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈlas.sus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lassus''' (feminine lassa, neuter lassum, comparative lassior, superlative lassissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*lasso-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*lh₁d-to-|t=tired]], a verbal adjective of the root [[ine-pro|*leh₁d-]], a d-enlargement of [[ine-pro|*leh₁-|t=to let]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[grc|ληδεῖν|tr=lēdeîn|t=to be tired]] (in Hesychius), [[sq|lodhem|t=to be tired]], [[got|𐌻𐌰𐍄𐍃|tr=lats|t=slow]] and [[got|𐌻𐌴𐍄𐌰𐌽|tr=lētan|t=to let]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short thought it a by-form of [[laxus]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In Plautus a character says he is tired from the voyage.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was tired, weary or exhausted, mostly in poetry and post-Augustan prose, and poets used it of soil worn out by crops.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also meant weary in mind, as in Plautus, worn out by love, and ''rēs lassae'' were misfortunes.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says that [[fessus]] and [[fatīgātus]] describe a man who longs for rest from weariness he feels, ''lassus'' one who needs rest from real weakness after work.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In medieval Latin it kept the sense “weary, tired of”.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[it|lasso]], [[fr|las]] and [[es|laso]].^(Wiktionary) English ''lassitude'' comes from its derivative [[lassitūdō]], while English ''late'' is a Germanic cognate.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid speaks of soil growing old, tired from constant crops.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''lassitude'' is recorded, from ''lassitūdō''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Tired, [[m|en|weary]], [[m|en|exhausted]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of soil or plants, worn out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Weary in mind, sick at heart.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''Rēs lassae'', [[m|en|misfortune]], distress.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[lassitūdō]]

+ * [[lassō]]

+ * [[lassulus]]

+ * [[lassescō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lēnis]]

+ * [[lētum]]

+ * [[en|lassitude]]

+ * [[en|late]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}