nosco Latin · revision 4721

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ǵneh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈnoːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈnɔs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nōscō''' (present infinitive nōscere, perfect active nōvī, supine nōtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The old form is ''gnōscō'', with ''gnōscier'' in the Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Perfect forms are often contracted: ''nōstī'', ''nōrunt'', ''nōram''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*gnōske-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*ǵn̥h₃-sḱé-|t=to come to know]], from the root [[ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-|t=to know]].^(de Vaan 2008) At first [[m|la|gnōscō]] meant “to get to know”, and the perfect [[m|la|nōvī]] “I know”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|γιγνώσκω|tr=gignṓskō|t=to know]], [[sa|जानाति|tr=jānā́ti|t=knows]], [[hit|kanešš-|t=to recognize]] and [[en|know]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old forms with ''gn-'' appear in the Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus and in Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the present system it was to get to know or find out, to become acquainted with a person or thing, to examine, to recognize and to accept as valid.^(OLD 2012) The perfect ''nōvī'' meant “I know”, as in Plautus' ''nōn nōstī nōmen meum?'' “don't you know my name?”.^(OLD 2012) It could also be a euphemism for sexual relations.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In Late Latin Christian writers used it of acknowledging God.^(Wiktionary) Its compounds [[cognōscō]], [[agnōscō]] and [[ignōscō]] and its derivatives [[nōbilis]] and [[nōtitia]] were common.^(de Vaan 2008) English ''notice'' comes from ''nōtitia''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''notice'' is recorded, from ''nōtitia''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To get to know, find out, [[m|en|learn]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To become acquainted with (a person or thing).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To examine, inspect.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|recognize]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To accept as valid, acknowledge.^(OLD 2012)

+ # In the perfect, to know, be acquainted with.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To know sexually.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[agnōscō]]

+ * [[cognōscō]]

+ * [[dīnōscō]]

+ * [[ignōscō]]

+ * [[internōscō]]

+ * [[nōbilis]]

+ * [[noscentia]]

+ * [[nōscibilis]]

+ * [[nōscitō]]

+ * [[nota]]

+ * [[nōtificō]]

+ * [[nōtiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[gnārus]]

+ * [[ignōrō]]

+ * [[nōmen]]

+ * [[en|know]]

+ * [[en|notice]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}