arguo Latin · revision 4698

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂erǵ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈar.ɡu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈar.ɡu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''arguō''' (present infinitive arguere, perfect active arguī, supine argūtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably a verb formed from an adjective [[itc-pro|*argu-|t=bright]], [[ine-pro|*h₂erǵ-u-|t=white]], so first “to make bright, make clear”.^(de Vaan 2008) The adjective survives in [[argūtus]].^(de Vaan 2008) A similar verb is [[hit|arkuwae-|t=to make a plea]], and the root is that of [[sa|अर्जुन|tr=árjuna-|t=white]], [[grc|ἄργυρος|tr=árguros|t=silver]] and [[argentum]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Georges explains it as “to show in bright light”.^(Georges 1913) In Classical Latin it was to show, reveal or prove, as Virgil's fear that reveals base minds, to allege or assert, to prove guilty, to accuse, to refute, and to blame or criticize.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein calls it the most general word for charging someone with guilt, in court or not.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was mainly to accuse, charge or convict.^(MLW) It survives as [[fr|arguer]], [[it|arguire]] and [[es|argüir]].^(Wiktionary) English ''argue'' comes from it, and ''argument'' from [[argūmentum]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of accusing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of being found guilty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''argument'' is recorded, from ''argūmentum''.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''argue'' is recorded, through Old French ''arguer''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To show, reveal, [[m|en|prove]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To allege, assert.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To prove guilty, [[m|en|convict]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|accuse]], charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To refute, prove wrong.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To blame, [[m|en|censure]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[argūmentum]]

+ * [[argūtia]]

+ * [[argūtulus]]

+ * [[coarguō]]

+ * [[inargūtus]]

+ * [[perargūtus]]

+ * [[redarguō]]

+ * [[argūmentātiō]]

+ * [[argūmentātor]]

+ * [[argūmentor]]

+ * [[argūtus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[argentum]]

+ * [[en|argue]]

+ * [[en|argument]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}