caleo Latin · revision 4694

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ḱelh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈka.ɫe.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkaː.le.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''caleō''' (present infinitive calēre, perfect active caluī, future active participle calitūrus); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kalē-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*ḱl̥h₁-eh₁-|t=to be hot]], a stative verb.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[cy|clyd|t=warm]] and [[lt|šil̃tas|t=warm]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Georges 1913)^(TLL) Lewis & Short thought the origin doubtful.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus says the water is hot.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was to be hot or warm, and Cicero says that all living and growing things are warm.^(OLD 2012) It was used of a body warm with exertion or with life, of fever, and of being fired with love, hope, zeal or anger.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says that [[calidus]] is moderate warmth, while [[fervidus]] is a high degree of heat.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was to be or grow warm, and figuratively to live or be moved.^(MLW) Old French ''chaloir'' “to matter” comes from it, and its negative gave English ''nonchalant''.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) English ''calorie'' comes from [[calor]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the warmth of living things.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1734 – English ''nonchalant'' is recorded, from French ''nonchaloir'' “not to care”.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1866 – English ''calorie'' is recorded, from ''calor''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|warm]] or hot; to glow.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be warm (with exertion or with life).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be feverish.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be fired (with love, hope, zeal or anger).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[calefaciō]]

+ * [[calefio]]

+ * [[calēscō]]

+ * [[calidus]]

+ * [[calor]]

+ * [[concaleō]]

+ * [[recaleō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[caldāmentum]]

+ * [[caldāria]]

+ * [[caldāriola]]

+ * [[caldārium]]

+ * [[caldārius]]

+ * [[caldor]]

+ * [[calefactābilis]]

+ * [[calefactiō]]

+ * [[calefactō]]

+ * [[calefactōrius]]

+ * [[en|calorie]]

+ * [[en|nonchalant]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}