color Latin · revision 4681

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ḱel-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔ.ɫɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔː.lor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''color''' ''m'' (genitive colōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The old nominative is ''colōs'', in Plautus, Lucretius and Sallust.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kelōs-|t=outside, aspect]], [[inh|ine-pro|*ḱel-ōs|t=cover, covering]], an animate collective of an s-stem of [[ine-pro|*ḱel-|t=to cover]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|शरस्|tr=śáras-|t=skin on milk]] and [[goh|hulsa|t=hull, husk]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short and Georges connected it with [[occulō]] “to hide” and [[cēlō]] “to conceal”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses the form ''colōs''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was the colour of a thing, a pigment or dye, the complexion of the face, and the colour of wine or fruit as a sign of ripeness.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From this it came to mean outward appearance, the character or tone of a style or of a life, as Horace's “whatever the colour of my life”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In medieval Latin it had uses in natural science, alchemy and music.^(MLW) It survives as [[it|colore]], [[fr|couleur]], [[es|color]] and [[ro|culoare]].^(Wiktionary) English ''colour'' is recorded in the early 13th century as “complexion”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses ''colōs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace speaks of the colour of his life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 13th century – English ''colour'' is recorded, through Anglo-French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Colour]], hue.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A [[m|en|pigment]], dye.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Complexion]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Outward appearance.^(Wiktionary)

+ # Character, tone, style.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bicolor]]

+ * [[colōrō]]

+ * [[incolor]]

+ * [[lignicolor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cella]]

+ * [[clam]]

+ * [[occulō]]

+ * [[en|colour]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Isidore lists the colours to look for in a horse: bay, golden, rose and others.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}