costa Latin · revision 4680

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔs.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔs.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''costa''' ''f'' (genitive costae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It has been compared with [[cu|кость|tr=kostĭ|t=bone]], but de Vaan rejects the link: “bone” is [[os]] in Latin, and ''costa'' means “rib”, so he regards it as an isolated word without etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Wiktionary reports that Derksen thinks the link quite possible.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was a rib, a rib of meat, and in the plural the side, flank or back, as of someone beaten.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was used of the ribs of a ship and, in Virgil, of the side of a cauldron.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was also a mountain slope, a cutlet, and a wife.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(MLW) It survives as [[it|costa]], [[es|cuesta]] and [[ro|coastă]].^(Wiktionary) Old French ''coste'' “rib, side” came to mean “shore” and gave English ''coast''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the side of a cauldron.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''coast'' is recorded as “margin of the land”, through Old French ''coste''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|rib]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A rib (of meat).^(OLD 2012)

+ # The side, flank, back.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A rib (of a ship); a side, wall.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A mountain slope; a wife.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(MLW)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[costātus]]

+ * [[cōticula]]

+ * [[costābilis]]

+ * [[costālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[os]]

+ * [[en|coast]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}