tie English · revision 4673

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=a. 800|origins=gem-pro *taugō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /taɪ/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|teie]], tie, [[inh|ang|tēag|t=cord, band, thong, fetter]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[gem-pro|*taugō]],^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) also the source of Old Norse taug “rope”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from [[ine-pro|*dewk-|alt=*deuk-|t=to lead]],^(Etymonline) the root of Old English tēon “to pull, draw”.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) The verb is from Old English tīegan, tīgan, from the same source,^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) related to Old Norse teygja “to draw, stretch”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) It is related to [[tow]], [[tug]] and [[team]].^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ That with which something is tied, a cord or band: before 800 in the OED, about 750 in Barnhart, in Cynewulf's Christ.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) The verb, to fasten or bind, is about 1000, in Ælfric's Grammar.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Confinement or restraint is from about 1300,^(Etymonline) and the figurative bond or connection from the 1550s.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) The verb meant to fasten so as to prevent escape by the mid-13th century, and to tie shoelaces by the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) A tie in music, linking two notes, is from the 1650s.^(Etymonline) A ''tie'', equality between competitors, is from 1680 in Barnhart and the 1670s in Etymonline, from the notion of a connecting link,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and the verb in this sense from 1888.^(Etymonline) The necktie or cravat is from 1761,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and ''necktie'' itself from 1838.^(Barnhart 1988) The railway tie, a sleeper, is from 1857, American English.^(Etymonline) ''Tie the knot'', to marry, is from 1707,^(Etymonline) and ''tie one on'', to get drunk, from 1944.^(Etymonline) The ''old school tie'' is from 1938.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * a. 800 – a cord or band.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1000 – verb, to fasten.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1550s – a bond, figuratively.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1650s – a tie in music.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1680 – equal scores.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1707 – ''tie the knot''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1761 – a necktie.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1857 – a railway sleeper.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1938 – ''tie-breaker'' and ''old school tie''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To fasten or attach with string, rope or similar material.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To make a [[knot]] or bow in.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To limit or restrict: ''tied to a contract''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To have the same score as another competitor.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A long narrow piece of cloth worn round the neck under a shirt collar and knotted at the front; a [[necktie]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A string, cord or other thing used to fasten things.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A connection or bond: ''family ties''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A result in which two competitors have the same score; a [[draw]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(US)'' A wooden beam on which railway lines rest; a sleeper.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(music)'' A curved line joining two notes of the same pitch, which are played as one.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[tieless]]

+ * [[black-tie]]

+ * [[tiebreaker]]

+ * [[tiepin]]

+ * [[tie-up]]

+ * [[white-tie]]

+ * [[intertie]]

+ * [[undertie]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tow]]

+ * [[tug]]

+ * [[team]]

+ * [[necktie]]

+ * [[untie]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}