quote English · revision 4666

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1387|origins=la-med quotare}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /kwəʊt/, US /kwoʊt/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|coten]], later quoten,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) [[bor|fro|coter]] and directly from [[la-med|quotāre|t=to number chapters, mark off into chapters and verses]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from Latin quotus “which in number?”, from quot “how many”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from the PIE pronominal root [[ine-pro|*kʷo-|alt=*kwo-]].^(Etymonline) It is related to [[quota]], [[quotient]] and [[who]].^(Cresswell 2021)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To mark a book with chapter numbers or marginal references: 1387 in the OED, before 1387 in Barnhart, in Trevisa's translation of Higden.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) In Middle English it also meant to compute or reckon.^(Etymonline) The spelling with qu- is from the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense went through “to give the reference to a passage, cite as an authority” (1574)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) to “to copy out or repeat someone's exact words” (1670s, before 1680 in Butler).^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) The business sense, to state a price (1866), revives the meaning of the Latin.^(Etymonline) The noun first meant a marginal reference (1600), and a quotation only from 1885.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) ''Quotes'' for quotation marks is by 1869.^(Etymonline) ''Quotation'' first meant numbering, and a marginal reference in the 16th century.^(Cresswell 2021)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1387 – to number a book's chapters.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1574 – to cite.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1600 – noun, a marginal reference.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1670s – to repeat exact words.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1866 – to state a price.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1869 – ''quotes'', quotation marks.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1885 – noun, a quotation.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To repeat or write the exact words of another person or a book.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To mention as an example or [[evidence]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To state a [[price]] for goods or work.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(informal)'' A quotation.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(informal)'' An estimate of what a job will cost.^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(quotes)'' Quotation marks.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[quoter]]

+ * [[pull-quote]]

+ * [[quoteworthy]]

+ * [[outquote]]

+ * [[requote]]

+ * [[underquote]]

+ * [[misquote]]

+ * [[quota]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quotation]]

+ * [[quotient]]

+ * [[unquote]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}