scutarius Latin · revision 4646
15 Oct 2026, 23:54 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la scūtum}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [skuːˈtaː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [skuˈtaː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''scūtārius''' ''m'' (genitive scūtāriī or scūtārī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|scūtum|-ārius|t1=shield]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus, in the Epidicus, mentions a shield-maker.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Its classical sense was a shield-maker, and as an adjective of shields, as Vegetius' shield factories, ''fabricae scūtāriae''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Under the later emperors the ''scūtāriī'' were a corps of the imperial guard armed with shields, as in Ammianus Marcellinus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In medieval Latin it was a shield-bearer or squire, with forms such as ''escutarius'' and ''escuderius''.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Köbler 2010) In England it was also a shield-maker, sometimes passing into a surname, as Ernald the shield-maker in a Pipe Roll of 1166.^(DMLBS) Through Old French ''escuier'' “shield-bearer” it gave [[en|esquire]], recorded in the late 14th century, and [[en|squire]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary) [[es|escudero]] and [[pt|escudeiro]] continue it too.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus mentions a shield-maker.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 390 AD – Ammianus Marcellinus mentions the guard of ''scūtāriī''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 400 AD – Vegetius speaks of shield factories.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1166 – An English Pipe Roll names a shield-maker.^(DMLBS)
+ * late 14th century – English ''esquire'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A shield-maker.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A guardsman armed with a shield.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A shield-bearer, [[m|en|squire]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ===Adjective===
+ # ''(Late Latin)'' Of shields.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[scutum|alt=scūtum]]
+ * [[en|esquire]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}