panel English · revision 4624

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1292|origins=la pannus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈpæn.əl/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|panel]],^(MWU 2024) [[bor|fro|panel|t=piece of cloth, saddle cushion]] (modern panneau),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from Vulgar Latin *pannellus, a diminutive of Latin pannus “piece of cloth”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) the source of [[pane]].^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A list of jurors, the jury itself: 1292 in the OED,^(OED 1989) about 1378 in Barnhart, in Piers Plowman.^(Barnhart 1988) A saddle cloth or pad: before 1300 in the OED, before 1325 in Barnhart, in Cursor Mundi.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) A piece of cloth: the early 14th century in Etymonline.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Anglo-French legal use a panel was the slip of parchment on which the sheriff wrote the names of jurors, hence the jury itself,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)^(NODE 1998) and the general sense, a group of persons called to advise, judge or discuss, is from the 1570s,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) or 1934, in Shaw, in Barnhart.^(Barnhart 1988) A section of a fence is from the 15th century,^(Hoad 1986) and a distinct part of the surface of a wall or door from about 1600, in Shakespeare's As You Like It.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) A thin board for painting on is from the 18th century.^(Hoad 1986) The verb meant to empanel a jury in 1451,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) and to furnish a room with panels from the 1630s.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) ''Panelist'' is from 1952, American English.^(Barnhart 1988) Old slang ''panel house'' was a brothel with sliding panels, used for robbing customers.^(Etymonline) In Scotland the panel is the dock in a court, or the accused.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1292 – a jury list.^(OED 1989)

+ * a. 1300 – a saddle cloth.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1451 – verb, to empanel.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1570s – a group of advisers.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1600 – a section of a wall or door.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1630s – verb, to furnish with panels.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1952 – ''panelist''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A flat, usually rectangular piece forming part of a door, wall or other surface.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A group of people gathered to discuss, judge or advise: ''a panel of experts''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A [[jury]], or a list of people summoned for jury service.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A board with the controls or instruments of a machine or vehicle: ''instrument panel''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A section of fabric in a garment.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cover or decorate with panels.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To select a jury; to [[empanel]].^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[panelboard]]

+ * [[repanel]]

+ * [[subpanel]]

+ * [[modesty panel]]

+ * [[panel discussion]]

+ * [[panel house]]

+ * [[panel saw]]

+ * [[panel strip]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pane]]

+ * [[empanel]]

+ * [[panelist]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}