camera Latin · revision 4544

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Varro|origins=grc καμάρα}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈka.mɛ.ra]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkaː.me.ra]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''camera''' ''f'' (genitive camerae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|καμάρα|tr=kamára|t=vaulted chamber]],^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Etymonline) which Etymonline calls of uncertain origin.^(Etymonline) Lewis & Short compare [[m|grc|κάμπτω|tr=kámptō|t=to bend]], and Köbler a root [[ine-pro|*kamer-|t=to vault]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) The spelling [[m|la|camara]] is also found.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Varro, in his book on farming, uses it of a vaulted roof.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a vault, an arched roof or ceiling, as Sallust's vault joined with stone arches, and Cicero uses it in a letter to his brother.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Pliny the Elder mentions a vault covered with glass, and Vitruvius describes how to build vaults.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was also a cabin on a ship, as in Suetonius, and a flat boat with an arched cover used on the Black Sea, as in Tacitus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was any fairly small room, a chamber, and a deliberative body.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Wiktionary) British writers also used it figuratively of the vault of heaven.^(DMLBS) Its descendants include [[it|camera]] and [[fro|chambre]], the source of [[en|chamber]], recorded around 1200.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) [[en|camera]] is recorded in 1708 for a vaulted building.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a vault.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of a vaulted chamber.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of an arched boat.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''chamber'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|vault]], an arched roof or ceiling.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A cabin on a ship; a covered boat.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A room, [[m|en|chamber]]; a deliberative body.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[camella]]

+ * [[concamerō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|chamber]]

+ * [[en|camera]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}