crisis Latin · revision 4530

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Lucilius|origins=grc κρίνω}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkrɪ.sɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkriː.s̬is]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''crisis''' ''f'' (genitive crisis or criseōs or crisios); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|κρίσις|tr=krísis|t=decision, judgement; turning point]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) from [[m|grc|κρίνω|tr=krínō|t=to separate, decide]].^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucilius, in a conjectured reading, uses it of literary judgement, explained as deciding what to take and what not.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucilius c. 180–102 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Seneca it was a critical stage of life, a climacteric: he reports a remark that he and a child had the same crisis, since both were losing their teeth.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short treat it as a medical term, a decisive turn.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Caelius Aurelianus speaks of the assaults of nature that the Greeks call crises.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was the turning point of a disease.^(MLW) [[en|crisis]] is recorded in the early 15th century as the decisive point of a disease.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius may use it of literary judgement.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of a critical stage of life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 5th century AD – Caelius Aurelianus uses it in medicine.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''crisis'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Literary judgement.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A critical stage of life, a [[m|en|climacteric]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(medicine)'' The decisive turn of a disease, a [[m|en|crisis]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(MLW)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[criticus]]

+ * [[en|crisis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}