diurnus Latin · revision 4526

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la diēs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [diˈʊr.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [diˈur.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''diurnus''' (feminine diurna, neuter diurnum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from earlier [[m|la|*diusnus]], with /s/ becoming /r/ between vowels, from [[m|la|diūs]], an old form of [[dies|alt=diēs]] “day”, and the adjective suffix [[m|la|-nus]].^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) The OLD analyses it as ''diēs'' and [[m|la|-urnus]].^(OLD 2012) It is formed like [[interdius|alt=interdiū]] “by day”.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, in the Menaechmi, has a character say they will drink until tomorrow's day-star.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense was of the day as opposed to night, as Cicero's fears by day and night and Caesar's marches by day and night.^(OLD 2012) It also meant daily, as Cicero speaks of daily habit and Sallust of daily pay, and lasting a single day.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note the daily sense is perhaps not earlier than Augustus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The neuter ''diurnum'' was a daily ration or an account-book, and Suetonius says Caesar had the daily proceedings of the senate and people, ''diurna ācta'', recorded and published.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In medieval Latin it meant continuous or long-lasting, and as a masculine noun a land measure.^(Niermeyer 1976) A Vulgar Latin noun ''*diurnum'' “day” gave [[fro|journée]], and so [[en|journey]], while [[en|sojourn]] is from ''*subdiurnāre'' “to spend the day”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of the day-star.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of fears by day and daily habit.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''journey'' is recorded, from Old French ''journée''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of the day, by day, [[m|en|diurnal]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Daily]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Lasting one day.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Continuous, long-lasting.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A land measure.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[diurnō]]

+ * [[diurnum]]

+ * [[diurnālis]]

+ * [[diurnārius]]

+ * [[diurnē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dies|alt=diēs]]

+ * [[en|journey]]

+ * [[en|journal]]

+ * [[en|sojourn]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}