galbinus Latin · revision 4513

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Petronius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɡaɫ.bɪ.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɡal.bi.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''galbinus''' (feminine galbina, neuter galbinum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short derive it either from [[galbanum]], a plant resin, or from a word [[galbus]] “yellow”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Georges and Gaffiot take it from ''galbus''.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Wiktionary finds the derivation from ''galbanum'' morphologically unclear, mentions a possible link with a bird of a similar name, and compares the fashion colour term [[melinus|alt=mēlinus]], which has the same rare suffix.^(Wiktionary) Etymonline thinks ''galbus'' is probably from [[ine-pro|*gʰel-|t=to shine]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Petronius, in the Satyricon, mentions a greenish-yellow girdle.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Köbler dates Petronius before 66 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant greenish-yellow or pale yellow, of a girdle in Petronius, of a bird in Martial and of a tunic in the Historia Augusta.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Juvenal uses the neuter plural ''galbina'' for pale green garments, worn by effeminate men.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) So Martial uses it figuratively for effeminate.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Medieval writers used it of a greenish or pale yellow.^(MLW)^(DMLBS) It is the source of [[fro|jalne]], [[fr|jaune]] and [[it|giallo]] “yellow”, and through Old French ''jaunice'' “yellowness” of [[en|jaundice]], recorded around 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius mentions a greenish-yellow girdle.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it of a bird and of effeminate manners.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''jaundice'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Greenish-yellow, pale yellow, [[m|en|canary]]-coloured.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Effeminate]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # In the neuter plural, pale green clothes, thought effeminate.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[galbina]]

+ * [[galbinātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[galbus]]

+ * [[en|jaundice]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}