item Latin · revision 4496

15 Oct 2026, 23:25 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la is}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɪ.tẽː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈiː.tem]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''item''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is related to [[ita]] “thus” and [[itidem]] “in the same way”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short analyse it as the pronoun stem ''i-'' of [[is]] with an accusative ending, as in [[tam]], and compare [[sa|इत्थम्|tr=itthám|t=thus]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary suggests [[ine-pro|*éy]] and [[m|ine-pro|*só]], while Etymonline derives it from ''ita'' or [[m|la|id]] with an adverbial ending.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus, in the Curculio, has a character answer “I want the same”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant in the same manner, similarly, as Terence says many good men had done the same, and Cato in his recipes says to cook a cake likewise.^(OLD 2012) As a correlative, ''item … ut'' meant “just as … so”, as in Plautus' saying that a slave should be like his masters.^(OLD 2012) It also meant in turn, for one's part, and in addition, likewise, also, introducing a further item in a list.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ Etymonline notes that it introduced a new fact, and in French and English it was put before every article in an inventory or bill.^(Etymonline) [[en|item]] is recorded in the late 14th century meaning “moreover”, and it became a noun, an article in a list, in the 1570s.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it in recipes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''item'' is recorded as an adverb.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adverb===
+ # In the same way, likewise, similarly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''item … ut'', just as … so.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # In turn, for one's part.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Also, further, in addition.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[itidem]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[is]]
+ * [[ita]]
+ * [[en|item]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}