litteratura Latin · revision 4494

15 Oct 2026, 23:25 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la littera}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [lɪt.tɛ.raːˈtuː.ra]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [lit.te.raˈtuː.ra]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''litterātūra''' ''f'' (genitive litterātūrae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|littera|-ūra|t1=letter]].^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) It is also spelled [[m|la|lītterātūra]] and [[m|la|literātūra]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Cicero, in the Partitions of Oratory, compares memory to writing, which consists of the marks of letters and the material that bears them.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Its first sense was the use of letters, writing, and Tacitus uses it of the Greek alphabet.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It then meant elementary instruction, grammar and philology, as in Quintilian and Seneca.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Later it meant writings, literature, as Fronto says he is as far from Greek literature as his Caelian hill is from Greece, and learning or scholarship, as in Tertullian.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ In medieval Latin it meant literature, learning and a text.^(Niermeyer 1976) British writers used it of writing or script.^(DMLBS) [[en|literature]] is recorded in the early 15th century as book-learning.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of writing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of the Greek alphabet.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 100–170 AD – Fronto uses it of Greek literature.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''literature'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # Writing; an [[m|en|alphabet]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Grammar, [[m|en|philology]]; elementary instruction.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Writings, [[m|en|literature]].^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ # Learning, [[m|en|erudition]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A text.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[littera]]
+ * [[en|literature]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}