exclusive English · revision 4482

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1515|origins=la excludere}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɪkˈskluː.sɪv/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-med|exclūsīvus]],^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998)^(SOED 2002) from exclūs-, past participle stem of Latin exclūdere “to shut out”,^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) the source of [[exclude]].^(Etymonline) Merriam-Webster takes it through Middle French exclusif.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Adverbially, so as to exclude: the mid-15th century in Etymonline,^(Etymonline) 1515 in the OED and Merriam-Webster.^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024) As a noun, something that excludes: the late 15th century in NODE and SOED.^(NODE 1998)^(SOED 2002) The adjective, that excludes: the 1560s in Etymonline, 1570 in the OED.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Excluding others from participation is from 1670,^(OED 1989) and of monopolies, rights and franchises from the 1760s.^(Etymonline) In the 18th and early 19th centuries ''exclusive of'' was often used where we would now say ''inclusive of''.^(OED 1989) Of social circles and clubs, unwilling to admit outsiders, it is from 1822.^(Etymonline) As a noun, an exclusive news item is from the early 20th century.^(SOED 2002) Catering to a wealthy clientele, as of shops or hotels, is a later sense.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1515 – so as to exclude.^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)

+ * 1570 – having the power to exclude.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1670 – excluding others.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1760s – of rights and monopolies.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1822 – of social circles.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 20th century – noun, an exclusive news story.^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Not shared with others: ''exclusive rights''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Restricted to a select group; catering to the [[wealthy]]: ''an exclusive club''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Single or sole; complete: ''her exclusive attention''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''exclusive of'': not including.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Unable to exist together; incompatible: ''mutually exclusive''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A news story published or broadcast by only one [[newspaper]] or broadcaster.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # An exclusive right, as to sell a product.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exclusively]]

+ * [[exclusiveness]]

+ * [[exclusivism]]

+ * [[exclusivity]]

+ * [[ultraexclusive]]

+ * [[unexclusive]]

+ * [[exclusive disjunction]]

+ * [[exclusive economic zone]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[exclude]]

+ * [[exclusion]]

+ * [[include]]

+ * [[close]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}