affectus Latin · revision 4456

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la faciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [afˈfɛk.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [afˈfɛk.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''affectus''' ''m'' (genitive affectūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|afficiō|-tus|t1=to affect]], a verbal noun of the fourth declension.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) [[m|la|afficiō]] is [[m|la|ad-]] and [[facio|alt=faciō]] “to make, do”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero, in the Tusculan Disputations, says a man is such as the disposition of his mind.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a mental or emotional state, a mood or feeling, and especially a strong emotion or passion, as Ovid's sister of Meleager wavering between feelings.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Quintilian says the Greeks divide emotions into ''pathos'' and ''ēthos''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) With ''corporis'' it was a physical state, especially an illness, as in Celsus.^(OLD 2012) In astrology it was the aspect of a planet.^(OLD 2012) It also meant a lasting disposition of mind, eagerness or zeal, and above all affection and love, and concretely a loved one.^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes its frequency in Seneca and Quintilian, where it often overlaps with [[affectio]].^(TLL)

+

+ In medieval Latin it kept the senses of emotion, disposition, will and intention.^(MLW)^(DMLBS) Its Romance descendants include [[it|affetto]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the disposition of the mind.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of bodily states.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian discusses the kinds of emotion.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A state of mind, mood, feeling; a strong [[m|en|emotion]], passion.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A bodily state, especially a disease.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(astrology)'' The aspect of a heavenly body.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A disposition of mind, character.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Eagerness, zeal.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|Affection]], love; a loved one.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # An intention, attitude.^(OLD 2012)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[affectīvus]]

+ * [[affectuōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[affectio|alt=affectiō]]

+ * [[facio|alt=faciō]]

+ * [[en|affect]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Affectus'' is also the participle of [[m|la|afficiō]], used as an adjective “endowed with; disposed; weakened, sick”.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}