transportation English · revision 4433

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1540|origins=la transportare}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˌtræn.spɔːˈteɪ.ʃən/, US /ˌtræn.spɚˈteɪ.ʃən/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a noun of action from the verb [[transport]],^(Etymonline) formed, according to Merriam-Webster, from [[la|transportātus]], past participle of transportāre “to carry across”, and the English suffix -ion.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The act of carrying from one place to another: 1540 in the OED and Merriam-Webster,^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024) the 1530s in Etymonline.^(Etymonline) Middle English used the verbal noun transporting from the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Scotland it was used of moving a minister from one charge to another from 1562.^(OED 1989) Removal or banishment of a criminal to a penal settlement is from 1669,^(OED 1989) the 1660s in Etymonline.^(Etymonline) Transport of feeling, rapture, is an obsolete sense from 1617.^(OED 1989) The means of conveyance, chiefly American, is recorded by 1853,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and a ticket for travel by public conveyance from 1909, also American.^(OED 1989) In geology the movement of rock waste by rivers, glaciers or wind is from 1830.^(OED 1989) The synonyms transportage (1560s) and transportment (1610s) did not last.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1540 – the act of conveying.^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)

+ * 1562 – of a Scottish minister.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1617 – rapture (obsolete).^(OED 1989)

+ * 1669 – banishment to a penal colony.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1830 – in geology.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1853 – means of conveyance.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1909 – a travel ticket.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The act or process of carrying people or goods from one place to another.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(chiefly US)'' A means of conveyance; vehicles or a [[transport]] system.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The business of conveying passengers or goods.^(AHD)

+ # ''(US)'' A charge for travel; [[fare]].^(AHD)

+ # ''(history)'' Deportation of convicts to a [[penal colony]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[transportational]]

+ * [[nontransportation]]

+ * [[pretransportation]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[transport]]

+ * [[port]]

+ * [[portable]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}