satyrus Latin · revision 4411

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Lucretius|origins=grc σάτυρος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsa.ty.rʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsaː.ti.rus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''satyrus''' ''m'' (genitive satyrī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|σάτυρος|tr=sáturos|t=satyr]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Köbler and Etymonline call the Greek word of unknown origin, perhaps a foreign word.^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) Apuleius has the spelling [[m|la|Saturus]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucretius speaks of goat-footed satyrs, and Cicero lists Panisci and satyrs among the gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a demigod of wild places, a companion of Bacchus, later confused with the rustic Faun, as in Horace and Ovid.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Virgil's Alphesiboeus imitates dancing satyrs.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder uses it of a swift kind of ape that runs on four legs or upright.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace uses the plural for satyr plays, where the chorus were satyrs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Medieval writers linked satyrs with lust and, by confusion with [[satira]] “satire”, made them gods who mock others.^(DMLBS) In New Latin it also served as an adjective, satyr-like.^(Wiktionary) English ''satyr'' is recorded in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius speaks of goat-footed satyrs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of satyr plays.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of an ape.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''satyr'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|satyr]], a demigod of the wild.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A kind of ape.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(plural)'' A satyr play.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[satyricus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|satyr]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}