respectus Latin · revision 4359

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la respiciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛsˈpɛk.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [resˈpɛk.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''respectus''' ''m'' (genitive respectūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|respicio|-tus|t1=to look back]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|respiciō]] is from [[m|la|re-]] and [[specio|alt=speciō]] “to look”, from [[ine-pro|*speḱ-|t=to look]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero, in On Divination, reports a prediction that those fleeing would look back pitifully at the fires.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was the action of looking back or around, and Livy says soldiers fought without looking back or pausing for breath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) By metonymy it was a refuge to which one can look back for safety.^(OLD 2012) It meant regard or consideration for a person or thing, and ''respectū'' with a genitive meant out of regard for, in view of.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Döderlein says ''respectum habēre'' is regard in thought, ''ratiōnem habēre'' in acts.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was divine judgement and dispensation, legal proceedings, and a point of view, and in astrology an aspect.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) English ''respect'' is recorded in the late 14th century, and ''respite'' came from it through Old French ''respit''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of looking back.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of soldiers who did not look back.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-13th century – English ''respite'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – English ''respect'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A looking back or around.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A refuge, retreat.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Regard, consideration, [[m|en|respect]], ''respectū'' out of regard for.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Divine judgement; a point of view, ''(astrology)'' an aspect.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[respiciō]]

+ * [[en|respect]]

+ * [[en|respite]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}