redemptio Latin · revision 4358

15 Oct 2026, 22:46 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la emō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛˈdeːmp.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [reˈdɛmp.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''redēmptiō''' ''f'' (genitive redēmptiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|redimo|-tiō|t1=to buy back]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|redimō]] is from [[m|la|re-]] and [[emo|alt=emō]] “to buy, take”.^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) The TLL records the spellings [[m|la|redemtio]] and [[m|la|redimtio]] in inscriptions.^(TLL)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Cicero, in the first speech against Verres, says the verdict in that trial had been bought for a large sum.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Georges 1913) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Cicero it was the buying of something: a public contract, the farming of revenues, and corruptly a court's verdict, as well as bribery.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) The Alexandrian War speaks of soldiers buying their discharge, ''sacrāmentī redēmptiō''.^(OLD 2012) From Livy on it was the ransoming of captives, and Valerius Maximus uses it of the gold brought to ransom a girl.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Jurists use it of purchase in general.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ Christian Latin used it of redemption, deliverance from sin.^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) In medieval Latin it was a ransom, the wergeld, payment to escape corporal punishment and the commutation of labour services for money.^(Niermeyer 1976) Through Old French ''raenson'' it gave English ''ransom'' in the 13th century, and English ''redemption'' is recorded in the mid-14th century as deliverance from sin.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a bought verdict and of a contract.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of ransoming captives.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 13th century – English ''ransom'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''redemption'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A buying, purchase.^(OLD 2012)
+ # The taking of a contract; bribery, the buying of a verdict.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)
+ # [[m|en|ransom]], ransoming.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|redemption]], salvation.^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A ransom; the wergeld; a commuted payment.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[redimo|alt=redimō]]
+ * [[en|redemption]]
+ * [[en|ransom]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}