opium Latin · revision 4317

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Pliny the Elder|origins=grc ὀπός}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɔ.pi.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɔː.pi.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''opium''' ''n'' (genitive opiī or opī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ὄπιον|tr=ópion|t=poppy juice]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) a diminutive of [[m|grc|ὀπός|tr=opós|t=plant juice]], from [[ine-pro|*sokʷos|t=juice, resin]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The form [[m|la|opion]] is also found.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Pliny the Elder describes poppy juice in his Natural History.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Köbler dates him 23/24–79 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was poppy juice, opium, used in medicine, as in Scribonius Largus and Pliny Valerianus.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Isidore of Seville and Oribasius also mention it.^(TLL)

+

+ In medieval medicine it was opium, sometimes named by its place of origin, as Theban opium.^(DMLBS) English ''opium'' is recorded in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 47 AD – Scribonius Largus uses it in medicine.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder describes it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|opium]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Poppy juice, [[m|en|opium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|opium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}