structura Latin · revision 4268

15 Oct 2026, 21:27 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la struō}}
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''strūctūra''' ''f'' (genitive strūctūrae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|struo|-ūra|t1=to pile up, build]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|struō]] continues [[itc-pro|*strowō]], from [[ine-pro|*stréweti]], from [[ine-pro|*strew-|t=to spread]].^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler dates its first use to Cicero, 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010) Caesar uses it of the masonry of walls.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant the process and method of building, as Livy's old way of building with mud instead of lime, and Vitruvius' Greek manner of building.^(OLD 2012) It was masonry, brickwork or concrete, and in the plural masonry structures.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short note a general sense of fitting together, as of the bones of the hand in Celsus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Frontinus uses it of the arrangement of an army, and Quintilian and Pliny of the fitting of stones.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ In medieval Latin it was a building.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''structure'' is recorded in the mid-15th century, and as a building since the 1610s.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of masonry.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of the bones of the hand.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-15th century – English ''structure'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # Building, construction; a method of building.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # The form, [[m|en|structure]] or arrangement of anything.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # [[m|en|masonry]], brickwork, concrete.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # The arrangement of an army.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A building.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[īnfrastrūctūra]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[struo|alt=struō]]
+ * [[en|structure]]
+ * [[en|construct]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}