stoicus Latin · revision 4267

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Varro|origins=grc στοά}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈstoː.ɪ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈstɔː.i.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''stōicus''' ''m'' (genitive stōicī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|Στωϊκός|tr=Stōïkós|t=Stoic]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) from [[m|grc|στοά|tr=stoá|t=portico]], the Painted Portico in Athens where Zeno taught.^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) The dictionaries write the word with a capital, ''Stōicus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates its first use to Varro, 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010) Cicero uses it of Stoic orators and the Stoic school.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an adjective it meant of the Stoic philosophers or their teachings, as Horace's Stoic booklets and Seneca's Stoic sect.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) As a masculine noun it was a Stoic, as Cicero's ''Stoicī nostrī'', and the feminine was Stoic philosophy in Gellius.^(OLD 2012) Cicero's ''Stoicum est'' meant “it is a principle of the Stoics”, and the neuter plural the Stoic doctrines.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Medieval British writers used it of the school and its followers, Zeno being called a philosopher of the Stoic sect.^(DMLBS) English ''stoic'' is recorded in the late 14th century for a philosopher of Zeno's school.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of Stoic orators.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses the feminine for Stoic philosophy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''stoic'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|Stoic]], of the Stoic philosophers.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A Stoic philosopher.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(feminine)'' Stoic philosophy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Stōicidae]]

+ * [[stōicē]]

+ * [[en|stoic]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}