series Latin · revision 4257

15 Oct 2026, 21:27 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la serō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsɛ.ri.eːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɛː.ri.es]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''seriēs''' ''f'' (genitive seriēī); fifth declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|sero|-iēs|t1=to join, link, bind]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Döderlein compared Greek [[grc|εἴρω|tr=eírō|t=to string together]].^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Cicero, in On the Laws, speaks of a chain of facts and thoughts.^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a row of things linked together, as Livy's line of ships towed together and Curtius' chain of fetters, and a file of people following each other, as Tibullus' dancing youths.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short note that the literal sense is mostly post-classical and not in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it was a sequence of events or times, and ''per seriem'' meant in succession, while Horace praises the power of order and connection in style.^(OLD 2012) It was also a line of ancestors or descendants, as in Propertius and Ovid.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Döderlein contrasts ''series'', an outward row of like things, with [[ordo]], an inner, necessary order.^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ In medieval Latin it meant the wording or contents of a document, an account and a charter.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Köbler 2010) English ''series'' is recorded in the 1610s.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a chain of facts.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of order in style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of a line of ships.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1610s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|series]].^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A row, chain of linked things; a file of people.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # A succession, sequence, [[m|en|series]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A line of ancestors or descendants.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The text or contents of a document; an account.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ordo]]
+ * [[en|series]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}