stadium Latin · revision 4245

15 Oct 2026, 21:25 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Lucilius|origins=grc στάδιον}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsta.di.ũː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈstaː.di.um]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''stadium''' ''n'' (genitive stadiī or stadī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|grc|στάδιον|tr=stádion|t=stade, racecourse]].^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary connects the Greek with [[ine-pro|*steh₂-|t=to stand]].^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Lucilius uses it of a running track, “in the stadium, in the gymnasium”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucilius c. 180–102 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was a running track, and Varro compares the body to a runner and its place to the stadium.^(OLD 2012) Cicero uses ''stadium currere'' of running a race, also figuratively.^(Gaffiot 2016) It was a measure of length of 625 feet, an eighth of a Roman mile, much used by Cicero and Pliny.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In astronomy Manilius uses it of half a degree of the equator.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In medieval Latin it was a racetrack, a place of contest and a battlefield.^(DMLBS) Köbler adds the sense of a pilgrimage.^(Köbler 2010) English ''stadium'' is recorded in the mid-14th century as a foot race, and as a measure of distance in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of a running track.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it as a measure of distance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''stadium'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A racecourse, running track.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # A stade, measure of 625 feet.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # ''(astronomy)'' Half a degree of the equator.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A place of contest; a battlefield.^(DMLBS)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[stadiālis]]
+ * [[stadiātus]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[stadiodromos]]
+ * [[en|stadium]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}