syllogismus Latin · revision 4243

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Seneca|origins=grc συλλογίζομαι}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''syllogismus''' ''m'' (genitive syllogismī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|συλλογισμός|tr=sullogismós|t=inference, conclusion]],^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) from [[m|grc|συλλογίζομαι|tr=sullogízomai|t=to compute, conclude]].^(Etymonline) Isidore of Seville gives Latin [[argumentatio|alt=argūmentātiō]] as its Latin name.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Seneca uses it in his Letters, and Köbler dates him 4 BC–65 AD.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010) Lewis & Short call it post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a syllogism in Aristotelian logic, reasoning that draws a conclusion from two premises.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Quintilian discusses it and calls the rhetorical syllogism an enthymeme, and Pliny the Younger and Gellius use it.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Medieval logicians distinguished kinds of syllogism by form, among them the ''syllogismus cornutus'', the horned dilemma.^(DMLBS) English ''syllogism'' is recorded in the late 14th century, through Old French ''silogisme''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it in his Letters.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian discusses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''syllogism'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(logic)'' A [[m|en|syllogism]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

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+ ==Word family==

+ * [[syllogismaticus]]

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|syllogism]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}