ulterior Latin · revision 4213

15 Oct 2026, 21:19 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ʊɫˈtɛ.ri.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ulˈtɛː.ri.or]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''ulterior''' (comparative, neuter ulterius); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the comparative of an unattested [[m|la|*ulter]], which survives in the adverbs [[ultra|alt=ultrā]] and [[ultro|alt=ultrō]], formed with [[m|la|-ior]] as in [[inferior]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Wiktionary) Etymonline traces it to a suffixed form of [[ine-pro|*al-|t=beyond]].^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus uses it of persons who are farther off, and Terence asks ''quis est ulterior?'' “who is on the other side?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant farther away, on the far side, as in ''Gallia ulterior'', Gaul beyond the Alps.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was used of time, more remote ages in Tacitus, of more distant kinship in Gaius, and of degree, a greater monster in Juvenal.^(OLD 2012) The neuter ''ulterius'' meant further, beyond what has been said.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In medieval British Latin it was used of the farther part of a territory, and as a plural noun for more distant regions.^(DMLBS) English ''ulterior'' is recorded in the 1640s as “on the other side of”, and in the sense of ulterior motives by 1735.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of persons farther off.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero names ''Gallia ulterior''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius uses it of more distant kinship.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1640s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|ulterior]].^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Farther away, more distant, on the farther side.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # More distant in time.^(OLD 2012)
+ # More distant in kinship or succession.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Greater in degree; more extreme, worse.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Further, additional.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ultra|alt=ultrā]]
+ * [[ultimus]]
+ * [[en|ulterior]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}