traduco Latin · revision 4209

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=la dūcō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [traːˈduː.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [traˈduː.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trādūcō''' (present infinitive trādūcere, perfect active trādūxī, supine trāductum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|trans-|duco|t2=to lead]], also written [[m|la|trānsdūcō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short note that Caesar always uses the full form.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has a character ask whether a neighbour has been brought over to help, with the short perfect ''trāduxtī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to bring or lead across, to make an army cross a river, as Caesar led troops across the Rhine.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant to lead past in a parade, especially captives and booty, and so to expose to public ridicule or disgrace.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It meant to display, to pass time, to bring someone over to another view, and to transfer a person to another status, as Cicero complains that his enemy was transferred to the plebs.^(OLD 2012) Grammarians used it of deriving one word from another, as in Gellius.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It also meant to translate a word from one language to another.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ English ''traduce'' is recorded in the 1530s as “alter, transport”, from the Latin senses “convert” and “make a show of, disgrace”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of bringing someone over.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of transferring a man to the plebs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses ''transduco'' of leading troops across the Rhine.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it of deriving a word.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|traduce]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To lead, bring or carry across.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To lead past in a parade; to expose to ridicule, [[m|en|disgrace]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To display, make known.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To spend, pass time.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To bring over, convert; to transfer to another status.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(grammar)'' To derive; to [[m|en|translate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[trāductiō]]

+ * [[trāductīvus]]

+ * [[trāductor]]

+ * [[traductus]]

+ * [[trādux]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abdūcō]]

+ * [[addūcō]]

+ * [[circumdūcō]]

+ * [[condūcō]]

+ * [[dēdūcō]]

+ * [[dīdūcō]]

+ * [[dūcō]]

+ * [[ēdūcō]]

+ * [[indūcō]]

+ * [[intrōdūcō]]

+ * [[en|traduce]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}