trepidatio Latin · revision 4207

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Hirtius|origins=la trepidō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [trɛ.pɪˈdaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [tre.piˈdat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trepidātiō''' ''f'' (genitive trepidātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|trepido|-tiō|t1=to tremble, waver]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates its first use to Hirtius, c. 50 BC.^(Köbler 2010) Cicero, in the speech for King Deiotarus, asks whether there was any alarm or uproar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a state of confused alarm or hurry, agitation and consternation.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short note it is rare before the Augustan period.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Livy and Tacitus use it of confusion in an army or a city.^(Gaffiot 2016) Seneca uses it of physical trembling of the nerves.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In medieval British Latin it meant fearfulness.^(DMLBS) English ''trepidation'' is recorded around 1600.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 50 BC – Hirtius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of alarm.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of trembling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English ''trepidation'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Confused alarm, agitation, [[m|en|trepidation]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Trembling, twitching.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trepidus]]

+ * [[en|trepidation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}