journey English · revision 4163

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1200|origins=la diurnus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈdʒɜː.ni/, US /ˈdʒɝː.ni/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|jurnee]], jorne, journey,^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) [[bor|fro|jornee|t=a day's length; a day's work or travel]] (modern French journée),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) 12th century,^(Etymonline) from [[la-vul|*diurnāta|t=events or work of a day]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(AHD 2000) from Late Latin diurnum “day”,^(AHD 2000)^(Barnhart 1988) the noun use of the neuter of [[la|diurnus|t=of one day, daily]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[m|la|diēs|t=day]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[ine-pro|*dyew-|alt=*dyeu-|t=to shine]].^(Etymonline) The French suffix -ée, from Latin -āta, made nouns of quantity and of spans of time, as in [[soirée]] and [[matinée]].^(Etymonline)^(Klein 1966) The verb, before 1338, is from Old French journoier.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) It is related to [[journal]], [[diurnal]], [[adjourn]] and [[sojourn]].^(Klein 1966)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Figuratively, a passage through life: apparently before 1200, in the Ancrene Riwle;^(Barnhart 1988) “a defined course of travelling; one's path in life” about 1200 in Etymonline.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Middle English it also meant a day (about 1400), a day's work (mid-14th century) and the distance travelled in one day (mid-13th century);^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) as late as Johnson's dictionary of 1755 the main sense was still the travel of a day.^(Etymonline)^(Johnson 1755) The day's work survives in [[journeyman]], first a workman qualified to work for day wages, from 1414.^(Hoad 1986)^(Barnhart 1988) The general sense, the act of travelling from one place to another, overtook the others in early modern English.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) From the 16th century a journey was also the amount produced in a day's work at the British Mint.^(Hoad 1986) The verb, “to travel”, is from about 1330.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) In English dialect it still meant a day's work, or a single trip with a cart.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1200 – a course of travel; a path in life.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1250 – a day's travel.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1330 – verb, to travel.^(OED 1989)

+ * mid-14th century – a day's work.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1414 – ''journeyman''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1755 – still chiefly a day's travel, in Johnson.^(Etymonline)^(Johnson 1755)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The act of travelling from one place to another; a [[trip]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # The distance travelled, or the time needed for a trip: ''a three-day journey''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A process or course likened to travelling: ''a spiritual journey''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make a journey; to [[travel]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To travel over or through.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[journeyer]]

+ * [[journeyman]]

+ * [[journeywork]]

+ * [[outjourney]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[journal]]

+ * [[diurnal]]

+ * [[adjourn]]

+ * [[sojourn]]

+ * [[jour]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}