conclave Latin · revision 4150

15 Oct 2026, 21:12 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la clāvis}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔŋˈkɫaː.wɛ]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [koŋˈklaː.ve]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''conclāve''' ''n'' (genitive conclāvis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[con-]] and [[clavis|alt=clāvis]] “key”, or from [[m|la|cum]] “with” and the ablative of ''clāvis''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) Festus explains the plural [[m|la|conclāvia]] as places that are locked with one key.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus uses the plural in the Mostellaria and the Aulularia.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Köbler dates Plautus about 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was any room that could be locked, such as a girl's chamber in Terence, a bedroom or a dining room in Cicero, and also a cage, stall or coop for animals.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Georges 1913) Döderlein calls it the most general word for a closed room, especially a room of state, while ''cubiculum'' is a room for living or sleeping.^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ In medieval Latin it meant a private room, a sacristy and the enclosure of a monastery.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(MLW) It also named the locked room where the cardinals meet to elect a pope and the meeting itself.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) English ''conclave'' is recorded in that sense in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of rooms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a girl's chamber.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of bedrooms and dining rooms.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''conclave'' is recorded of the papal conclave.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A room that can be locked, a [[m|en|chamber]]; a bedroom, dining room.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A cage, stall or coop for animals.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|sacristy]]; the enclosure of a monastery.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The papal [[m|en|conclave]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[cubiculum]]
+ * [[en|conclave]]
+ 
+ ==Usage notes==
+ Döderlein distinguishes ''conclave'', any closed room, from ''cubiculum'', a living or sleeping room.^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}