galaxias Latin · revision 4129
15 Oct 2026, 21:12 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Pliny the Elder|origins=grc γαλαξίας}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɡaˈɫak.si.aːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ɡaˈlak.si.as]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''galaxiās''' ''m'' (genitive galaxiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|grc|γαλαξίας|tr=galaxías|t=milky]], from [[m|grc|γάλα|tr=gála|t=milk]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) In Greek the Milky Way was the [[m|grc|γαλαξίας|tr=galaxías]] [[m|grc|κύκλος|tr=kúklos]], the “milky circle”.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Pliny the Elder names a stone ''galaxias'', which some call ''galactites''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Köbler dates Pliny 23/24–79 AD, and for the Milky Way names Martial as the first source.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Pliny it was an unknown milk-white stone, the milkstone.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) As the name of the Milky Way it is found in Macrobius and Martianus Capella; the native Latin terms were ''via lactea'' and ''circulus lacteus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Etymonline)
+
+ Medieval British writers used it of the Milky Way, of heaven, and figuratively of high places and of a person of high rank.^(DMLBS) English ''galaxy'' came from French or Late Latin in the late 14th century, first of the Milky Way.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a stone.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it of the Milky Way.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1st half of the 5th century AD – Macrobius uses it of the Milky Way.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''galaxy'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # The [[m|en|Milky Way]], a [[m|en|galaxy]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A milk-white precious stone, milkstone.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Heaven; a person of high rank.^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[galacticus]]
+ * [[en|galaxy]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}