haeresis Latin · revision 4125

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Varro|origins=grc αἵρεσις}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈhae̯.rɛ.sɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛː.re.s̬is]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''haeresis''' ''f'' (genitive haeresis or haereseōs or haeresios); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|αἵρεσις|tr=haíresis|t=choice; sect]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Saalfeld 1874) Tertullian and Jerome explain the name from the Greek for “choice”, and Isidore of Seville says it is so called because each person chooses what seems best to him.^(TLL)^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Varro speaks of a new school and of the Menippean school.^(Georges 1913) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a philosophical school or sect, the pure Latin being ''secta'': Cicero says that Cato belongs to the school that seeks no ornament of speech, and Vitruvius speaks of following Pythagoras' school.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Cicero also jokes about Vestorius' trade as his ''haeresis''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ From Tertullian on it was heretical religious doctrine, heresy, as Lactantius' many sects and heresies and Sidonius' Arian heresy.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Isidore of Seville applies it both to the philosophical schools and to those who left the Church for a perverse dogma.^(Isidore) The Theodosian Code uses it of a calling or trade.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Medieval Latin used it of heretical doctrine and sects, and of a fine for heresy.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''heresy'' came from Old French about 1200.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a school of thought.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a philosophical school.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of heresy.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''heresy'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A philosophical school, sect.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|heresy]]; a heretical sect.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A calling, trade.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[haereticus]]

+ * [[haereseus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[secta]]

+ * [[en|heresy]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}