nativus Latin · revision 4101

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucretius|origins=la nāscor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [naːˈtiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [naˈtiː.vus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nātīvus''' (feminine nātīva, neuter nātīvum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|nātus|-īvus|t1=born]], from the participle of [[nascor|alt=nāscor]] “to be born”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) ''Nātus'' continues [[itc-pro|*gnātos]], from [[ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-|t=to beget]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucretius uses it of the world as having been born or created, and of the soul.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It first meant having a birth or origin, created, as Cicero's report of Anaximander's view that the gods were born.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant occurring in nature as opposed to artificial, as Varro's natural vine props, a city's natural defences in Cicero, and a forest serving as a natural wall in Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant native to a place as opposed to brought in, and acquired by birth, inborn, as Nepos' innate charm.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero calls primitive words ''nativa verba'', and the grammarians use it of original forms.^(Georges 1913)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In medieval Latin it meant a native of a place, and as a noun a serf born into bondage, a neif.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Wiktionary) Its descendants include [[fr|naïf]] and [[it|nativo]].^(Wiktionary) English ''native'' is recorded in the late 14th century as “natural, inborn”, and as a noun in the mid-15th century for a person born a serf, ''naive'' came from French in the 1650s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the created world.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of gods that were born and of primitive words.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos uses it of innate charm.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''native'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1650s – English ''naive'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Having a birth or origin, created.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|natural]], not artificial.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|native]], local.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Inborn, [[m|en|innate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(grammar)'' Original, primitive.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Born a serf, ''(as noun)'' a [[m|en|neif]], serf.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[nātīvitās]]

+ * [[nātīvitus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nāscēns]]

+ * [[nāscor]]

+ * [[nātālīcius]]

+ * [[nātālis]]

+ * [[natura]]

+ * [[en|native]]

+ * [[en|naive]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}