bullio Latin · revision 4046

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Vitruvius|origins=la bulla}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈbʊl.li.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈbul.li.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''bulliō''' (present infinitive bullīre, perfect active bullīvī or bulliī, supine bullītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|bulla|-iō|t1=bubble]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913) The TLL calls it onomatopoeic.^(TLL) Etymonline traces it to [[ine-pro|*beu-|t=to swell]], and Wiktionary also proposes this root for ''bulla''.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL dates it from Vitruvius, who uses it of springs forced up bubbling by the wind.^(TLL) Köbler dates Vitruvius about 84–25 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to bubble, effervesce or boil; the TLL notes it was frequent in Apicius and the medical writers, as Celsus of a mixture cooked until it stops bubbling.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Persius uses it of a drowned man who does not bubble up again on the surface, and Apuleius of boiling with indignation.^(Gaffiot 2016) Palladius has it transitively with ''facere'', to make boil.^(TLL)

+

+ In medieval Latin it also meant to ferment, seethe and teem.^(MLW) It survives in [[it|bollire]], [[fr|bouillir]] and [[es|bullir]].^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) English ''boil'' came from Old French ''bolir'' in the early 13th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of bubbling springs.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of boiling a medicine.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 34–62 AD – Persius uses it figuratively of a drowned man.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 13th century – English ''boil'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|bubble]], effervesce.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|boil]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To boil with emotion.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To [[m|en|ferment]]; to teem.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bullēscō]]

+ * [[bullītus]]

+ * [[combullio]]

+ * [[ēbulliō]]

+ * [[rebulliō]]

+ * [[subbulliō]]

+ * [[perbulliō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|boil]]

+ * [[en|ebullient]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}