proverbium Latin · revision 4035

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=ine-pro *uerh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [proːˈwɛr.bi.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [proˈvɛr.bi.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōverbium''' ''n'' (genitive prōverbiī or prōverbī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[pro|alt=prō-]], [[verbum]] “word” and [[m|la|-ium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Etymonline renders it literally “words put forward”.^(Etymonline) ''Verbum'' is [[m|itc-pro|*werþo-|t=word]], from [[ine-pro|*uerh₁-dʰh₁-o-|t=making a statement]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Cicero (81–43 BC).^(Köbler 2010) Cicero writes of “that proverb now worn with use”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a proverb, saying, maxim or adage.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Phrases include Cicero's ''in proverbii consuetudinem venire'' and Livy's ''in proverbium venire'', “to become proverbial”, and Pliny's ''in proverbium cedere''.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Cicero also notes what was a proverb among the Greeks.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Christian and medieval Latin it also meant a parable, riddle or simile.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Köbler 2010) The Old Testament book of Proverbs gave English ''proverb'' around 1300.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a worn proverb.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy has ''in proverbium venire''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''proverb'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|proverb]], saying, [[m|en|maxim]], adage.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Christian Latin)'' A [[m|en|parable]], riddle, simile.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[verbum]]

+ * [[en|proverb]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}