raia Latin · revision 3993

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Pliny the Elder|origins=itc-pro *rajjā}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈraj.ja]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈraː.ja]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''raia''' ''f'' (genitive raiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*ragjā-]] or [[m|itc-pro|*rajjā-]], with the spelling standing for /rajja/.^(de Vaan 2008) There are similar words in Germanic, [[dum|rogghe]], [[gml|rugge]] and [[ang|reohhe]], all “ray”, but whether they can be connected is disputed, and de Vaan suggests that the word may be a loan from a substrate language.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD gives its origin as unknown, and the TLL thinks it Mediterranean and rejects the Germanic comparison.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Walde proposed derivation from [[m|la|*rādia]], related to [[radius]], of the spiny ray.^(Walde 1906)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first recorded in Pliny the Elder's Natural History, among the flat fishes.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Pliny 23/24–79 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It names the ray or skate, a flat sea fish.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Medieval British sources use it for the skate, with variant spellings ''raius'' and ''reia''.^(DMLBS) It survives in [[it|razza]], [[fr|raie]], [[es|raya]] and [[pt|raia]].^(Wiktionary) English ''ray'' “skate” came from Old French ''raie'' and directly from Latin in the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder mentions the fish.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''ray'' is recorded for the fish.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|ray]] or [[m|en|skate]], a flat sea fish.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|ray]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}