textile English · revision 39897

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1626, F. Bacon, Sylva Sylvarum|origins=la texō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈtɛk.staɪl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ As a noun it is [[bor|la|textile|t=woven fabric]], the neuter of the adjective [[m|la|textilis|t=woven]] used as a noun;^(OED 2026)^(AHD 2024)^(MWU 2024)^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the adjective was taken from the Latin adjective.^(OED 2026)^(Barnhart 1988) The adjective is formed on the past participle stem of [[m|la|texō|t=to weave]], with the suffix that became [[-ile]].^(OED 2026)^(MWU 2024)^(SOED 2002)^(Klein 1966) The Latin verb is also the source of [[text]] and [[texture]], and Etymonline traces it to the root [[ine-pro|*teks-|t=to weave, also to fabricate]].^(Etymonline)^(OED 2026) Hoad also allows a borrowing of [[m|fr|textile]],^(Hoad 1986) but the OED dates the French word only from 1752 as an adjective and 1872 as a noun.^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A woven fabric: 1626, in Francis Bacon's ''Sylva Sylvarum'',^(OED 2026)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) the 1620s in Etymonline.^(Etymonline) Dictionary.com dates the word to 1520–30.^(Dictionary.com 2016) The adjective, woven, is recorded from 1656, in Blount's ''Glossographia''.^(OED 2026)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Johnson (1755) knew the word only as an adjective, "woven; capable of being woven", though his first quotation, from Bacon, uses it as a noun.^(Johnson 1755) From 1648 the noun was also used of a fibre that can be spun and woven,^(OED 2026) and the sense later widened to any cloth, natural or synthetic, woven or not.^(OED 2026)^(SOED 2002) The plural ''textiles'' has named the industry that makes fabrics since 1853,^(OED 2026) and the study or art of making them since 1888.^(OED 2026) Among naturists ''textile'' has meant a person who prefers to wear clothes since 1970 as an adjective and 1979 as a noun.^(OED 2026)^(Collins 2023)^(GDoS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1626 – a woven fabric, in Bacon.^(OED 2026)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1648 – a fibre that can be woven.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1656 – adjective, woven.^(OED 2026)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1853 – ''textiles'', the industry.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1888 – ''textiles'', the field of study or art.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1970 – (naturists) adjective, not naturist.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1979 – (naturists) a person who wears clothes.^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Any [[cloth]] or [[fabric]], especially one that is [[weave|alt=woven]] or [[knit|alt=knitted]]: ''The museum has a fine collection of Persian textiles.''^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # A [[fibre]] or [[yarn]] from which cloth can be made.^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # ''Textiles'': the industry that manufactures fabrics, or the study and art of making them.^(OED 2026)

+ # (among naturists) A person who wears clothes; a non-naturist.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 2026)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Relating to fabrics or their manufacture: ''a textile mill''.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[text]]

+ * [[texture]]

+ * [[context]]

+ * [[pretext]]

+ * [[tissue]]

+ * [[subtle]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}