scriba Latin · revision 3980

15 Oct 2026, 20:41 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *skreibʰ-}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈskriː.ba]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈskriː.ba]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''scrība''' ''m'' (genitive scrībae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|scrībō|-a|t1=to write]], an agent noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913) ''Scrībō'' is [[m|itc-pro|*skreif-e/o-|t=to carve]], from [[ine-pro|*skreibʰ-e/o-|t=to carve]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Plautus (c. 250–184 BC).^(Köbler 2010) Festus says the ancients called both copyists and poets ''scribae''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It first meant a writer, copyist or poet.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It came to mean a public clerk who kept records and accounts, attached to magistrates such as quaestors and aediles, as in Cicero's speeches against Verres, and a private secretary, as in Nepos and Livy.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short set the public ''scriba'' against the ''librarius'', a private secretary, and the ''notarius'', a stenographer.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ In the Vulgate the ''scribae'' are the scribes, the teachers of the Jewish law.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline) In medieval Latin it meant a public notary and a chancery clerk.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''scribe'' was borrowed in the late 12th century in that biblical sense.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of public clerks.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of the Jewish scribes.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 12th century – English ''scribe'' is borrowed.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A writer; a copyist; a poet.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # A public clerk, [[m|en|secretary]] (to a magistrate).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A private secretary.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A [[m|en|scribe]], a teacher of the Jewish law.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|notary]]; a chancery clerk.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[scribo]]
+ * [[en|scribe]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}