nineteenth English · revision 39767

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited, derivation|attested=Old English, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˌnaɪnˈtiːnθ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|nyntenthe]], an alteration, under the influence of [[nineteen]], of [[m|enm|nyentethe]],^(MWU 2024)^(Dictionary.com 2016)^(Etymonline) [[inh|ang|nigontēoþa]], from the base of [[nine]] and that of [[tenth]].^(OED 2026)^(SOED 2002)^(MWU 2024) Klein explains the Middle English form as made by adding [[-th]] to ''nineteen'', on the pattern of [[fourth]].^(Klein 1966) The Old English word is cognate with [[ofs|niuguntīnda]], [[nl|negentiende]], [[goh|niuntazehanto]], [[de|neunzehnte]] and [[non|nítjándi]].^(OED 2026)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Next in order after the eighteenth: early Old English, in the Parker manuscript of the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'', under the year 855;^(OED 2026) the noun, the nineteenth person or thing of a series, is in Ælfric's ''Grammar''.^(OED 2026) Etymonline dates the modern form ''nyntenthe'' to the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The ordinal has kept its meaning since Old English;^(OED 2026) Johnson (1755) defined it as "the ninth after the tenth".^(Johnson 1755) In music, from 1597 in Thomas Morley, a ''nineteenth'' is an interval of two octaves and a fifth, and since 1813 also an organ stop sounding at that interval.^(OED 2026)^(MWU 2024) As a fraction, one of nineteen equal parts, it is recorded from 1755.^(OED 2026) In golf slang, originally American, ''the nineteenth hole'' is the clubhouse bar, reached after the eighteen holes of a round (1901);^(OED 2026)^(SOED 2002) by 1948 ''the nineteenth'' alone could mean the same.^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Old English – next in order after the eighteenth.^(OED 2026)

+ * late 14th century – the form ''nyntenthe''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1597 – (music) an interval of two octaves and a fifth.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1755 – one of nineteen equal parts.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1813 – (music) an organ stop.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1901 – ''the nineteenth hole'', a golf clubhouse bar.^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Coming next after the [[eighteenth]] in a series; the [[ordinal]] of [[nineteen]]: ''the nineteenth century''.^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # Being one of nineteen equal parts.^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The nineteenth person or thing in a series, especially the nineteenth day of a month: ''The meeting is on the nineteenth.''^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # One of nineteen equal parts of something; the [[fraction]] one divided by nineteen.^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # (music) An [[interval]] of two octaves and a fifth, or an organ stop sounding at this interval.^(MWU 2024)^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[nineteenth hole]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nineteen]]

+ * [[nine]]

+ * [[tenth]]

+ * [[tithe]]

+ * [[Juneteenth]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}