lacrimosus Latin · revision 3964
15 Oct 2026, 20:39 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucilius|origins=la lacrima}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɫa.krɪˈmoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [la.kriˈmɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''lacrimōsus''' (feminine lacrimōsa, neuter lacrimōsum, adverb lacrimōsē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|lacrima|-ōsus|t1=tear]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Older spellings are [[m|la|lacrumōsus]] and [[m|la|lacrymōsus]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Lucilius (c. 180–102 BC).^(Köbler 2010) Lucilius has “tearful onion together with tear-raising stalks”.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant accompanied by tears, tearful, as Virgil's rocks filled with weeping cries, and of eyes running with tears, as in Ovid and Pliny.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan in prose.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ It meant causing tears, of irritants such as onions and Horace's smoke, and lamentable.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Of vines it meant oozing sap, as in Pliny.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) English ''lachrymose'' was borrowed in the 1660s, first meaning “tear-like”.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of onions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of smoke.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of weeping cries.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of vines that bleed sap.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1660s – English ''lachrymose'' is borrowed.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # [[m|en|Tearful]], weeping.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Causing tears; lamentable.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(of plants)'' Oozing sap.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[lacrima]]
+ * [[lacrimābilis]]
+ * [[lacrimābundus]]
+ * [[lacrimātiō]]
+ * [[lacrimō]]
+ * [[lacrimōsē]]
+ * [[lacrimula]]
+ * [[en|lachrymose]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}