lardum Latin · revision 3963

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=clipping|attested=Lucilius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɫaːr.dũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈlar.dum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lārdum''' ''n'' (genitive lārdī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the contracted form of [[laridum|alt=lāridum]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan finds the derivation from *lajes-idos, related to [[largus|alt=lārgus]], unlikely, and Wiktionary, after him, takes the word as most likely cognate with or borrowed from [[grc|λαρινός|tr=larinós|t=fattened]], related to [[m|grc|λαρός|tr=larós|t=sweet]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD and Georges also compare the Greek word.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ ''Lāridum'' is found from Plautus onwards and the short ''lārdum'' from Lucilius.^(de Vaan 2008) Lucilius has “to gobble bacon”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant salted and dried pork, bacon or bacon fat, as Horace's greens dressed with rich bacon, and in Pliny, Martial and Juvenal.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Cato lists emmer and bacon among rations.^(OLD 2012)

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+ Isidore says it was so called because it was kept stored in the house, the ancients calling houses ''lares''.^(Isidore) English ''lard'' came from it through Old French in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses the full form ''lāridum''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato lists bacon in rations.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses the short form.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of bacon with greens.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''lard'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

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+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Bacon]], salted pork; bacon fat, [[m|en|lard]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[laridum]]

+ * [[en|lard]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}