cuisine English · revision 39519

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1786, Hannah More's Florio|origins=ine-pro *pekʷ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /kwɪˈziːn/, /kəˈziːn/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|cuisine|t=kitchen]],^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(Collins 2023)^(OED 2026) [[inh|fro|cuisine]], which from the 12th century meant a kitchen, cooking and cooked food,^(Etymonline) from [[la-vul|*cocīna]],^(AHD 2024)^(Barnhart 1988) a variant of [[la|coquīna|t=kitchen, cookery]],^(AHD 2024)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Klein 1966) from [[m|la|coquō|t=to cook]],^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2024)^(Klein 1966)^(Hoad 1986) from [[ine-pro|*pekʷ-|t=to cook, ripen]].^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2024) Etymonline and Klein treat the variant as recorded Late Latin rather than reconstructed.^(Etymonline)^(Klein 1966) Compare [[it|cucina]] and [[oc|cozina]].^(OED 2026)^(Weekley 1921)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A kitchen or culinary department, and the manner or style of cooking: 1786, in Hannah More's ''Florio''.^(OED 2026)^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) Dictionary.com dates the word much earlier, to 1475–85.^(Dictionary.com 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In French the word first meant the kitchen itself, and English took it up in the late 18th century mainly for the style of cooking.^(Etymonline)^(OED 2026)^(Hoad 1986) The OED's single sense still joins the kitchen and its arrangements with the manner of cooking,^(OED 2026) and Dictionary.com keeps the kitchen sense as archaic,^(Dictionary.com 2016) but modern dictionaries define it as a style of cooking, especially that of a country, region or establishment, and also as the food served by a restaurant or household.^(Collins 2023)^(SOED 2002)^(AHD 2024) French phrases came with it, such as ''haute cuisine'', ''nouvelle cuisine'' and ''cuisine bourgeoise'', plain home cooking.^(SOED 2002)^(Wiktionary) By the mid-19th century a French cook could also be called a ''cuisinier''.^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1475–85 – the date Dictionary.com gives.^(Dictionary.com 2016)

+ * 1786 – a kitchen; a style of cooking.^(OED 2026)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)

+ * mid 19th century – ''cuisinier'', a French cook.^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A characteristic style of [[cooking]], especially one belonging to a particular country or region: ''Basque cuisine relies heavily on fish.''^(AHD 2024)^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # The food prepared and served by a [[restaurant]], hotel or household: ''The hotel's cuisine won high praise.''^(Collins 2023)^(AHD 2024)

+ # (archaic) The kitchen or cooking department of a house or hotel.^(Dictionary.com 2016)^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[haute cuisine]]

+ * [[batterie de cuisine]]

+ * [[chef de cuisine]]

+ * [[nouvelle cuisine]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[kitchen]]

+ * [[cook]]

+ * [[culinary]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}