revision English · revision 39512

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1595, A. Hartwell's translation of G. T. Minadoi|origins=la revideō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/, /ɹɪˈvɪʒ.ən/^(Wiktionary)

+ * UK: /ɹɪˈvɪʒ.ən/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|révision]], and partly from [[la-lat|revīsiō|t=a seeing again]],^(OED 2026)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(SOED 2002) a noun of action formed on [[m|la|revīsus]], the past participle of [[m|la|revideō|t=to see again, go to see again]], the verb behind [[revise]].^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(Klein 1966) In French the noun is recorded from 1298, meaning an inspection, and by 1490 for the review of a legal case.^(OED 2026) The OED, revising the entry in 2010, adds that it was partly formed in English from [[re-]] and [[vision]], especially in the sense "seeing again".^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Looking over or surveying something again: 1595, in A. Hartwell's translation of G. T. Minadoi's history of the Turkish wars; this sense is now obsolete.^(OED 2026) Merriam-Webster dates the word to 1607 and Etymonline to the 1610s.^(MWU 2024)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense that lasted, a careful re-examination of a text, judgement or code in order to correct or improve it, is found from 1607, in E. Grimeston's translation of S. Goulart.^(OED 2026)^(MWU 2024) By 1682 ''a revision'' could be the corrected version itself (Etymonline dates this to 1845),^(OED 2026)^(Etymonline) and after 1800 a single correction.^(OED 2026) From 1619 to 1840 the word could also mean a retrospective survey, a review,^(OED 2026) and Johnson (1755) glossed it simply as "review".^(Johnson 1755) In education, going over work already learned before an examination is recorded from 1838^(OED 2026) and is chiefly British;^(Collins 2023) in surgery a ''revision'' is an operation to improve on an earlier one, especially the repair or replacement of an artificial joint (1915).^(OED 2026)^(SOED 2002) The rare sense "seeing again" dates from 1796; out of it, or out of [[re-]] and the verb [[vision]], came a verb ''revision'', to picture again (1838) or to reinterpret (1968).^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1595 – looking over something again (obsolete by 1891).^(OED 2026)

+ * 1607 – critical examination of a text in order to correct it.^(OED 2026)^(MWU 2024)

+ * 1610s – re-examination and correction, in Etymonline's dating.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1619 – a retrospective survey (obsolete by 1840).^(OED 2026)

+ * 1682 – a revised version of a text.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1796 – seeing again, a fresh vision.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1800 – a single amendment.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1838 – (education) going over work before an examination; the verb, to picture again.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1915 – (surgery) an operation to improve on earlier surgery.^(OED 2026)

+ * 1968 – the verb, to reinterpret.^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The act or process of [[revise|alt=revising]]: re-examining a text, plan or law in order to [[correct]] or improve it.^(AHD 2024)^(Collins 2023)^(MWU 2024)

+ # A revised or new [[version]] of a text: ''The third revision of the handbook appeared last spring.''^(AHD 2024)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A single change or [[amendment]] made to a piece of work.^(OED 2026)

+ # (chiefly British) The rereading of a subject or of one's notes in preparation for an [[examination]].^(Collins 2023)^(OED 2026)

+ # (surgery) An operation to improve on the result of earlier surgery, especially the repair or replacement of an artificial [[joint]].^(OED 2026)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # (rare) To picture again; to [[reinterpret]].^(OED 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[revisionary]]

+ * [[revisional]]

+ * [[nonrevision]]

+ * [[prerevision]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[revisal]]

+ * [[revise]]

+ * [[revisionist]]

+ * [[review]]

+ * [[vision]]

+ * [[visit]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}