sorveglianza Italian · revision 39340

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1787|origins=fr surveiller}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /sor.veʎˈʎan.t͡sa/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sorveglianza''' ''f'' (plural sorveglianze)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|sorvegliare|-anza]], on the model of [[fr|surveillance]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011) The verb was itself borrowed in 1812 from [[m|fr|surveiller]] (1586), a compound of [[m|fr|sur-|t=over]] and [[m|fr|veiller|t=to keep watch]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003) DELI dates the French noun to 1633, with a query.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ GRADIT and Zingarelli date the word to 1787.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010) DELI's first record is in the Milanese press of 1807, in the sense “the act of keeping watch”.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The noun is recorded a few years before the verb.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) Melchiorre Delfico and Ugo Foscolo use it for the watch a government keeps over its subjects.^(GDLI|19, 515) Tommaseo–Bellini marks it as a word to avoid.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ In law ''sorveglianza speciale'' is a preventive measure imposed on people held to be dangerous, with duties such as staying at home at night, and the ''magistrato di sorveglianza'' (formerly ''giudice di sorveglianza'') supervises the prisons and the execution of sentences.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(GDLI|19, 515) The word also covers the watch kept over children or people in one's care, and the staff who keep watch.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1787 – First record according to GRADIT.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1807 – The word appears in the Milanese press.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1812 – The verb ''sorvegliare'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1986 – The ''giudice di sorveglianza'' is renamed ''magistrato di sorveglianza''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|surveillance]]: watch kept by the police or the authorities over suspects or prisoners to prevent breaches of the law: ''Il detenuto è riuscito a eludere la sorveglianza.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # [[m|en|supervision]]: watch over people or things in one's care: ''Le hanno affidato la sorveglianza dei bambini in cortile.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # The staff who keep watch.^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(law)'' In ''sorveglianza speciale'', a preventive measure imposed on a person considered dangerous.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sorvegliare]]

+ * [[telesorveglianza]]

+ * [[vegliare]]

+ * [[fr|surveillance]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}