giuria Italian · revision 39335

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1875|origins=la iūrō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /d͡ʒuˈri.a/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''giuria''' ''f'' (plural giurie)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|jury]], adapted with the Italian noun ending ⟨-ia⟩; the same French word had already been taken over as [[giurì]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010) French had the word from [[en|jury]] in the 18th century, and English had it from [[fro|jurée|t=oath; judicial inquiry]], a derivative of [[m|fro|jurer|t=to swear]].^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(DEI|1823)^(Wiktionary) The institution itself goes back to the first period of Norman rule in England and is documented in the Assize of Clarendon of 1166.^(DEI|1823) The French verb continues [[la|iūrō|t=to swear]], which also gave Italian [[giurare]].^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ GRADIT and Nocentini date the word to 1875.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Nocentini 2010) DELI's first quotation, from Fanfani and Arlìa in 1877, comments that the new rules of criminal procedure had brought in new words such as ''giurati'', ''verdetto'' and ''giuria'', the last for the institution as a whole.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Italy the jury sat in the courts of assize from the unification until 1931, and again briefly from 1946 to 1951, when it was replaced by the present lay judges, the ''giudici popolari''.^(GDLI) The word survived the institution: since 1932 it has been used above all for a panel that judges and awards prizes in contests, exhibitions and sports.^(DELI 1999)^(DEI|1823) DEI notes that the shorter [[giurì]] stayed in legal and duelling use, as in ''giurì d'onore'', while ''giuria'' prevailed for the judges of sporting and artistic competitions.^(DEI|1823)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1166 – The Assize of Clarendon documents the English jury.^(DEI|1823)

+ * 1799 – The French loan ''giurì'' appears in the constitution of the Neapolitan Republic.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1875 – ''Giuria'' is first recorded.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 1931 – The jury is abolished in the Italian courts of assize.^(GDLI)

+ * 1932 – Ugo Ojetti uses ''giuria'' for the judges of a competition.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(law)'' The body of lay judges and magistrates of a court of assize; in Anglo-Saxon criminal trials, and in Italy until 1930, the [[m|en|jury]] of sworn citizens who decide on the facts.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # A panel of [[m|en|judges]] that supervises and awards the prizes in a competition, show or sporting event: ''La giuria del festival ha premiato un esordiente.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[giurare]]

+ * [[giurato]]

+ * [[giurì]]

+ * [[fr|jury]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}