fabbrica Italian · revision 39308

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1282, Restoro d'Arezzo|origins=la faber}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈfab.bri.ka/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fabbrica''' ''f'' (plural fabbriche)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|fabrica|t=craft; working; workshop]], derived from [[m|la|faber|t=craftsman, smith]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DEI calls it a learned word; the doubled /bb/ is explained by Devoto as the influence of [[fabbro]], and by Sabatini as the Tuscan treatment of the cluster /br/.^(DEI|1577)^(Devoto 1968)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) The workshop sense was alive in the Medieval Latin of Italian documents from the 5th century on.^(DEI|1577)

+

+ The popular outcome of the Latin word is Gallo-Romance and Ibero-Romance, with the sense “smithy”: [[fr|forge]], [[oc|farga]], [[ca|farga]], [[es|fragua]] and [[pt|frágua]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) Italian borrowed the French word as [[forgia]], its doublet.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ According to de Vaan, the Latin noun implies an older adjective [[la|*fabricus]] used with a feminine noun, perhaps [[m|la|ars|t=art, craft]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Leumann thought it was formed on a Greek model.^(de Vaan 2008) [[m|la|faber]] itself may go back to [[ine-pro|*dʰHbʰ-ro-|t=craftsman]], but the comparison rests mainly on [[hy|դարբին|tr=darbin|t=smith]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is Restoro d'Arezzo, in 1282, and Zingarelli gives the same date.^(TLIO)^(Zingarelli 2010) DELI's earliest dated sense is “workshop” (before 1342, Domenico Cavalca), followed by “the work of building something” and “a building” in Giovanni Villani, before 1348.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old Italian the word covered the act of building and its result, the working of iron, the mind's creation, God's creation of the world, and the body in charge of building and maintaining a great church, as in ''la fabbrica del Duomo'', which Villani uses of the works of San Giovanni in Florence.^(TLIO)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) The last sense survives in ''la fabbrica di San Pietro'', also said of any job that never ends.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

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+ The modern sense “industrial plant” is dated before 1793 by Nocentini and Devoto–Oli.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) In the dialects of central Italy the word also names a honeycomb.^(DEI|1577) [[tr|fabrika]] was borrowed from Italian in the factory sense, and so were the Albanian and Maltese words.^(DEI|1577)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1282 – Restoro d'Arezzo uses the word.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1342 – Domenico Cavalca uses it for a workshop.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1348 – Giovanni Villani uses it for building work and for a building.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1793 – The sense “industrial plant” is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|factory]], a plant for industrial production; also the company that runs it: ''Lavora in una fabbrica di scarpe da trent'anni.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A source of a constant flow of something, usually bad: ''Quel bar è una fabbrica di pettegolezzi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # The building of something, and the building itself: ''la fabbrica di una nuova chiesa''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(ecclesiastical)'' A church as a building, and the office that maintains it.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(archaic)'' A workshop; the structure or composition of something, as of the human body.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fabbricare]]

+ * [[fabbricato]]

+ * [[fabbricante]]

+ * [[fabbricazione]]

+ * [[fabbricatore]]

+ * [[fabbricabile]]

+ * [[fabbriceria]]

+ * [[fabbriciere]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fabbro]]

+ * [[forgia]]

+ * [[la|fabrica]]

+ * [[fr|fabrique]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Prezzo di fabbrica'' is the price of a product as it leaves the factory, and ''marchio di fabbrica'' a trademark.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) ''Essere la fabbrica di San Pietro'' is said of a job that never ends.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020) The literary form is ''fabrica''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}